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MiG-21 jets fly into history after 6 decades of service

27 Sep 2025 GS 3 Defence
MiG-21 jets fly into history after 6 decades of service Click to view full image

Context:

  • After 60 years of service, the Indian Air Force has officially retired the MiG-21 fighter jets.

  • The last unit, No. 23 Squadron (Panthers), flew their final mission at a ceremony in Chandigarh.

Why was it important?

  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said the MiG-21 was more than just a plane — it was a symbol of India-Russia friendship and a proud chapter of Indian aviation history.

  • The aircraft played a key role in major operations:

    • 1971 war (helped India defeat Pakistan)

    • Kargil conflict (1999)

    • Balakot air strike (2019)

    • Operation Sindoor

The farewell ceremony

  • Air Chief Marshal A.P. Singh flew the last sortie in a MiG-21 Bison (callsign Badal 3).

  • Six jets were ceremonially switched off in front of dignitaries.

  • The official aircraft document was handed over, marking the end of service.

What’s next for India’s Air Force?

  • The retirement of MiG-21 has reduced IAF’s fighter squadron strength to just 29 — its lowest since the 1960s.

  • The government wants the legacy of MiG-21 to inspire new indigenous aircraft, like:

    • LCA Tejas (already in service)

    • Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) (in development)

What is the MiG-21?

  • The MiG-21 is a supersonic fighter and interceptor jet designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich bureau in the Soviet Union.

  • NATO gave it the code name “Fishbed”.

Nicknames around the world

  • “Balalaika” (Russia) – because the aircraft’s triangular shape looks like the stringed instrument.

  • “Ołówek” (Poland) – meaning pencil, due to its long, thin fuselage.

  • “Én Bạc” (Vietnam) – meaning silver swallow, for its sleek silver body and speed.

Global use and records

  • Used by about 60 countries across four continents.

  • Still active in some air forces, even 70 years after its first flight.

  • Holds many aviation records:

    • Most-produced supersonic jet in history.

    • Most-produced combat aircraft after the Korean War.

    • For a long time, had the longest continuous production run of any combat aircraft.



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